不同台风路径下浙江省台风风暴潮危险性空间分布特征分析-海洋预报

不同台风路径下浙江省台风风暴潮危险性空间分布特征分析

单位：1. 浙江省海洋监测预报中心, 浙江杭州 310007;
2. 浙江省测绘科学技术研究院, 浙江杭州 310023

分类号：P731.23

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2023·40·第三期（19-27）

摘要：

分析1949—2020年浙江省13个代表性验潮站的136次台风风暴潮过程，构建风暴潮评价指标和危险性指数，对不同台风路径下浙江省沿海风暴潮的空间分布特征开展研究。结果表明：温州、台州沿海和杭州湾是台风风暴潮灾害最严重的区域，宁波和舟山沿海的风暴潮灾害较小，宁波沿海虽然风暴潮超警戒次数最多，但大部分集中在黄色和蓝色警戒级别，达到橙色和红色警戒级别的次数均小于其他地区；从台风路径分析，登陆浙江及以北的台风对杭州湾影响最大，登陆福建及以南的台风对温州沿海影响最大，近海北上台风对宁波沿海影响最大，远海北上台风配合冷空气等天气过程，也会对浙江沿海产生明显影响。

This paper analyzes 136 typhoon storm surges at 13 representative tide stations in Zhejiang Province from 1949 to 2020, and studies the spatial distribution characteristics of coastal storm surges in Zhejiang Province under different typhoon tracks by constructing storm surge evaluation index and risk index. The results show that the coastal areas of Wenzhou, Taizhou and Hangzhou Bay are the areas with the most severe typhoon storm surge disasters. The coastal areas of Ningbo and Zhoushan are less affected by storm surge disasters. Although the number of storm surges exceeding the warning level is the most in the coastal areas of Ningbo, most of the storm surges are in the yellow and blue warning levels, and the number of the storm surges in the orange and red warning levels is less than that of other areas. From the analysis of typhoon track, the typhoons landing in Zhejiang and its north have the greatest impact on Hangzhou Bay, and the typhoons landing in Fujian and its south have the greatest impact on the coastal areas of Wenzhou; The northward typhoon moving in the coastal area has the greatest impact on the coastal area of Ningbo, while the northward typhoon moving in the offshore area, associated with a cold-air synoptic process, also has a significant impact on the coastal area of Zhejiang.

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