能见度激光雷达在天津港海事交通服务中的应用研究-海洋预报

能见度激光雷达在天津港海事交通服务中的应用研究

作者：王雪娇¹ 2 蔡子颖³ 孙玫玲¹ 2 郭玲¹ 2 任丽媛¹ 2 张希帆¹ 2

单位：1. 天津市海洋气象重点实验室, 天津 300074;
2. 天津市气象服务中心, 天津 300074;
3. 天津市环境气象中心, 天津 300074

分类号：P732.1;TN958.98

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2023·40·第二期（110-119）

摘要：

利用能见度激光雷达在天津港开展低能见度监测预警技术研究实验，发挥高精度雷达空间监测的优势，分析天津港港口航道能见度的时空分布特征，对比海陆低能见度的差异，探索激光雷达在海事交通气象服务中的作用。结果表明：天津港低能见度时空分布呈现明显的季节变化和日变化，冬季低能见度的出现频率高于其他季节，低能见度的高发时段集中在05—09时。受海陆不同下垫面的影响，近海低能见度的出现频率高于沿岸，高发时段晚于沿岸3～4 h。个例显示海事部门限制通航时间与雷达观测有较好的一致性，雷达能较为准确地捕捉到多次低能见度时段。

We carried out a research experiment on monitoring and early warning technology for low visibility using visibility lidar in Tianjin Port. To better exploit the advantages of high precision radar space monitoring, the temporal and spatial characteristics in visibility was analyzed, comparisons of the difference in low visibility between land and sea were carried out, and the role of lidar in the meteorological service of maritime traffic were explored. The results indicated that the temporal and spatial distribution of low visibility in Tianjin Port showed obvious seasonal and diurnal variation characteristics: low visibility occurred more frequently in winter than in other seasons, and the peak period of low visibility was concentrated between 05am and 09am. Affected by different underlying surfaces on sea and land, low visibility occurred more frequently in offshore areas than in coastal areas, and the peak period of low visibility (≤3 km) in the offshore area was 3～4 hours later than that in the coastal area. In addition, case studies showed that the limited navigation time of maritime traffic was in accord with the lidar observations, and lidar could relatively accurately capture multiple periods of low visibility.

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