台风影响南海上层环流的统计分析研究-海洋预报

台风影响南海上层环流的统计分析研究

作者：王银霞¹ 2 隋俊鹏³ 曾纪胜¹ 2 孙玉超¹ 田松¹ 李子牛⁴ 王兆宇⁴

单位：1. 国家海洋局南海规划与环境研究院, 广东广州 510300;
2. 国家海洋局南海维权技术与应用重点实验室, 广东广州 510300;
3. 国家海洋环境预报中心, 北京 100081;
4. 辽宁省海洋预警监测中心, 辽宁大连 110001

关键词：台风南海上层环流 Ekman抽吸混合

分类号：P444

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2020·37·第四期（15-20）

摘要：

利用温州台风网台风信息以及卫星遥感海表风场数据，研究了南海上层环流对台风的响应特征。合成分析发现，台风以Ekman输运的形式，能够诱发上层海洋十几厘米每秒的流速变化，并且主要集中在南海东部海盆。虽然台风引起的上层环流异常比较小，但是其方差非常显著。另一方面台风通过Ekman抽吸，引发上层海洋垂向运动异常，并且能够诱发强烈的等效混合。基于历史温盐数据发现，这种强的等效混合主要分布在吕宋海峡以西、越南以东以及台湾海峡，并且能够达到10^-3 m²/s的量级。

Based on the typhoon information from Wenzhou Typhoon Network and remote sensing sea surface wind data, this paper studies the response of upper-layer circulation to typhoon in the South China Sea (SCS). There are two main pathways that typhoon influences the upper layer ocean circulation. Ekman transport induces the change of upper-layer ocean velocity by about 10 cm/s, which mainly locates at the eastern SCS basin. Although the composite of the SCS upper-layer circulation anomaly induced by typhoon is small, the variance is significant. The other pathway is Ekman pumping, which induces vertical movement anomaly and strong mixing in the upper layer of the SCS. The strong mixing mainly occurs in the west of Luzon Strait, east of Vietnam and Taiwan Strait, which can reach the order of 10^-3 m²/s.

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