冬季台湾西南海域一对冷、暖中尺度涡的同化模拟研究-海洋预报

冬季台湾西南海域一对冷、暖中尺度涡的同化模拟研究

单位：国家海洋环境预报中心国家海洋局海洋灾害预报技术研究重点实验室, 北京 100081

分类号：P731.2

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2017·34·第五期（1-15）

摘要：

基于改进的1/30°分辨率的南海业务化预报系统，利用集合最优插值（EnOI）同化方法对南海北部中尺度涡进行了同化模拟研究。模拟结果准确再现了2013年冬季发生在台湾岛西南海域的一对冷、暖中尺度涡的生成及传播过程。分析暖涡和冷涡成熟时期的垂向结构发现：暖涡中心温跃层深度超过200 m，而冷涡中心温跃层深度小于150 m；暖涡和冷涡经向和纬向流速均存在不对称性，相邻一侧流场强度明显偏强，对应较强的水平流速切变。上述特征与同时期南海中尺度涡观测实验结果基本一致。对暖涡和冷涡生成机制的分析印证了暖涡是由黑潮流套脱离生成的观点，同时指出冷涡是暖涡北侧较强的气旋式流速切变及西南向海流产生的离岸输运共同作用产生的。

Based on the improved South China Operational Forecasting System of 1/30° resolution, the Ensemble Optimal Interpolation(EnOI)assimilation was applied to the model for simulating the mesoscale eddies in the northern South China Sea (SCS). The simulation results accurately reproduce the generation and propagation process of the paired eddies occurred in the southwest of Taiwan during the winter of 2013. The vertical structure of the paired eddies during their mature period were analyzed, the results suggested that the thermocline depth of the warm eddy center is more than 200m, and the thermocline depth of the cold eddy center is less than 150m. The meridional and zonal velocities of the paired eddies were asymmetric, and the adjacent side flow showed stronger with the corresponding level of strong velocity shear. All the above characteristics were in agreement with the results of South China Sea Mesoscale Eddy Experiment (S-MEE)during the same period. In addition, the generation mechanism analysis of the paired eddies confirmed that the warm eddy shed from the Kuroshio loop, and pointed out that the cold eddy originated from the combined action of strong cyclonic shear on the north side of warm eddy and offshore transport caused by the southwest currents.

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