山东沿海精细化海区大风特征分析-海洋预报

山东沿海精细化海区大风特征分析

单位：山东省气象台, 山东济南250031

分类号：P732

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2014·31·第四期（41-46）

摘要：

利用山东沿海12个精细化预报海区2010-2012年的实况代表站逐时大风资料,统计分析了山东沿海的大风日数、风速分布、大风持续时间及大风风向等特征。结果表明,山东沿海风速分布特征表现为：东部海区平均风速最大,在7m/s左右,西部海区次之,在5m/s左右,南部海区最小,在4m/s左右,其中烟台南部沿海甚至在3m/s以下。当出现大风过程时,各海区的风速相差更大。山东沿海的大风日数、大风持续时间都与平均风速表现为相同的分布特征。山东沿海的大风过程主要为偏北大风,并且量级主要分布在6-7级。由于山东沿海风的局地特征明显,因此在一次大风过程的预报中,各海区预报同一量级是不合适的,需要对预报量级和大风影响时间更加精细的把握。

By using hourly wind data of representative stations in twelve subtilized coastal forecast sea area of Shandong from 2010-2012, the distribution of Shandong coastal wind speed, strong wind days, the duration of strong wind, strong wind direction and other features have been analyzed. According to the analysis result, Shandong coastal wind speed distribution characteristics could be summarized as that the average wind speed is highest in the east coastal sea area of Shandong with about 7 m/s; the average wind speed in the west coastal sea area is less than that in the east coastal sea area at about 5 m/s; the average wind speed is the least in the south coastal sea area at about 4 m/s; the average wind speed in the south coastal sea area of Yantai is even less than 3 m/s. During strong wind process, bigger difference of wind speed in these coastal sea areas occurs. The strong wind days and the duration of strong wind show the same distribution feature with the average wind speed. It is mainly north wind in Shandong coastal sea area and the main level of wind speed is between 6-7 grade. It is found that Shandong coastal sea area wind has distinct local characteristics. Therefore when strong winds occured, it is inappropriate to forecast in the same order magnitude at each coastal sea area. It needs more precise grasp for forecasting magnitude and effective time of strong winds.

参考文献：

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