渤海海峡海岛站与沿岸站大风对比分析

作者：王日东1 2  姜俊玲2  郭卫华3  林修栋4

单位：1. 兰州大学大气科学学院 兰州 730000; 2. 烟台市气象局 山东 264003; 3. 济宁市气象局 山东 272037; 4. 石岛气象台 山东 264309

关键词：渤海海峡 海岛自动站 大风 对比分析

分类号：研究与分析

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2010·2010·第二期（22-29）

摘要：

统计了渤海海峡5个海岛站和3个沿岸站1年的大风资料,在每月大风日数、风速、年际和月际变化特征、主导风向等方面进行了对比分析,得出渤海海峡大风如下结论:大风的风力以6～7级为主,南部比北部更易出现大风,且风速也较大;出现大风的最高概率为57.5%,即平均不到2天就出现一次;海岛站与沿岸站大风风力极值相差最大为20.8m/s;极大风风速43.2m/s,创历史最高纪录;风速的月变化规律基本一致,呈现两峰两谷形势;大风年主导风向为NW-NNE,风速以偏北大风和偏南大风较大,而偏西风和偏东风较小;具有典型的季风性气候特征,冬季以偏北大风为主,夏季以偏南大风为主,春、秋季偏北大风和偏南大风交替出现;综合应用海岛站和沿岸站大风记录,能更加准确反映渤海海峡大风的气候特征。

Based on the one year gale data of 5 island stations and 3 littoral stations,employing climate statistics methods,to contrast analyse and investigate the distributions of the gale days in each sation,the characters of main gale direction and gale speed,the features of annual and monthly gale variation,and so on,the results shows some conclusions in Bohai straits:The grade from 6 to 7 is the mainly rate of gale speed,the probability of gale and gale speed in the south are bigger than those in the north;the maxium probability of gale is 57.5%;The maxium gale speed is 43.2m/s and create a new record of history;The biggest discrecpant value of the maxium gale speed in island station and littoral station is 20.8m/s;The monthly variation tendency configuration of gale speed has 2 apexes and 2 valley;The main gale direction is NW–NNE,North and South gale speed are bigger and the others are smaller;It has the typical feature of monsoon,which the gale direction is northern in winter and southern in summer,north gale and south gale appear alternately in spring and autumn;Using the data of island stations and littoral stations synthetically can reflect the climate feature accurately.

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