机载合成孔径雷达的海冰监测分析

作者：杜碧兰

单位：国家海洋局海洋发展战略研究所, 北京

关键词：海冰 航空遥感 合成孔径雷达

分类号：

出版年·卷·期（页码）：1992·9·第一期（1-11）

摘要：

严重冰情是重要海洋自然灾害之一,往往造成国计民生的重大损失。本文概要介绍了我国“七五”期间在海冰航空遥感技术研究方面的进展,重点讨论了机载合成孔径雷达(SAR)的全天时、全天候、高分辨率、高信噪比和对云层的穿透能力强等特点,以及使用机载地球资源侧视雷达(ERR)系统,对渤海进行的首次SAR测冰试验结果。所获得的分辨率为3m×3m和成图比例为1:10万的辽东湾海冰相嵌图象,清楚地给出了固定冰带、流冰冰型、流冰密集度、冰块大小、冰脊、冰间水域和流水区外缘线等参量。SAR监测和分析海冰的研究结果具有重要的科学和实用价值。

A serious sea ice condition is one of the important marine natural hazards which often causes the heavy losses of the national economy and the people’s livelikood.The progress has been made in research on the aerial remote sensing of sea ice auring the period of the seventh five-year plan of our country is introduced briefly in this paper.Tne characteristics of all-time, all-weather, high resolution, high ratio of signal to noise and good capacity of transparent to cloud layer etc. of the SAR is discussed. The result of experiment on the measurement of sea ice using aircraft ERR system carried out for Bo-hai Sea first time is presented.A SAR sea ice image for Laodong bay with a resolution of 3m×3m and mapping ratio of 1:105 is obtained, which gives the parameters of fixed ice belt, types of floating ice, density of floating ice, scale of ice drift, ice ridge, ice lead and ice margin. The study results of monitoring and analyzing sea ice using SAR is much worthtul for science and practice.

参考文献：

[1] 中国航空遥感一部, 地球资源侧视雷达图象应用资料汇编, 1985, P. 33-49, 153-159. [2] 白有天, 机载多极化成象台成孔径雷达系统, 航空遥感实用系统与应用, 能源出版社, 1989, p27-32. [3] 杜碧兰, 渤海冰情航空遥感技木研究, 海洋预报, 1991, 8卷2期, p. 10-21. [4] 谢寿生等, 微波进感技术与应用, 电子工业出版社, 1987, p24-64. [5] 杨士中, 合成孔径雷达, 国防工业出版社, 1981, p15-23. [6] Miillimeter Wave radiometric images of the marginal ice zone, Proc of IG ARSS'84 Symposium, 1984, P. 353-358. [7] 杜碧兰等. 渤海、黄海北部冰清航空遥感技术研究, 待发表.

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