台湾岛对台风移动路径影响的分析

作者：张文舟  吴增茂

单位：青岛海洋大学 青岛

关键词：台湾岛 台风 移动路径 分析

分类号：

出版年·卷·期（页码）：1996·13·第四期（31-38）

摘要：

本文结合国内外近年来的观测事实和研究成果,针对过台湾岛地区台风的内力变化和诱生低压的产生机制进行动力学分析,从而说明台风经过该地区路径发生偏转和跳跃式不连续移动的可能原因。台风从东边靠近台湾岛中部及北部时,分析结果说明,由于地形直接作用,台风向北的内力分量显着增大,其移动路径明显向右偏。台风靠近台湾岛正东或东南部时,在台湾岛正西或西北侧形成水平风分量的气旋性切变,有很强的正切变涡度产生,在气流过山产生的背风面正涡度和有利的环境流场共同作用下,形成中小尺度诱生低压。

In this paper,based on the observational evidence and the studies in recent years,we analyse the variation of internal force of a typhoon over the Taiwan island and the mechanism that produces a secondary low on the lee side,in order to discuss the reason by which a typhoon deflects and jumps" over the island.It seems to can be said that northward track deflection of a typhoon is due to nor thward component increase of internal force caused by the Taiwan terrain.When a typhoon approaches the island at the middle or the southeast part,cyclonic shear produced by horizontal wind component is found, which appears at the west or the northwest of the island,and produces positive vorticity.Under the combined effects of cyclonic shear,positive vorticity on the leeside resulting from air overpassing the mountain range and the beneficial environmental flow field,a meso-or micro-scale low is produced.

参考文献：

1. C.-P. Chang, T.-C. Yeh and J. M. Chen, Effects of terrain on the surface structure of typhoons over Taiwan, 1992. 2. Tien-Chiang Yeh and Russell L. Elsberry, Interaction of typhoons with the Taiwan Orography. Part I: Upstream Track Deflection, 1993. 3. 罗哲贤、陈联寿, 台湾岛地形对台风移动路径的作用, 大气科学, Vol. 19, No. 6, 1995。 4. 陈联寿、丁一汇, 西太平洋台风概论, 科学出版社, 318~324, 1979。 5. 钮学新, 热带气旋动力学, 气象出版社, 72~76, 1992。

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