风场的时间分辨率对海浪预报的影响研究-海洋预报

风场的时间分辨率对海浪预报的影响研究

单位：1. 92859 部队, 天津 300061;
2. 自然资源部第一海洋研究所, 山东青岛 266061;
3. 中船航海科技有限责任公司, 北京 102600

分类号：P731.33

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2026·43·第四期（82-96）

摘要：

为研究风场的时间分辨率对海浪预报的影响，基于中尺度模式WRF和海浪模式MASNUM，模拟了2025年9月22—24日超强台风“桦加沙”的海面风场和海浪变化过程，分析了9组不同时间分辨率的风场驱动对海浪有效波高、谱峰周期、波向的模拟差异。研究结果表明：有效波高、谱峰周期和波向随着风场时间分辨率间隔变长，差异性逐渐增大；有效波高的大值区与台风位置重合，谱峰周期的差异主要位于台风前进方向的右侧象限，即在南海东部和福建、广东沿岸，波向的差异集中靠近岛屿；无论是否有强风过程，60 min的风场输入频率都是海浪预报比较理想的选择。

To investigate the impact of the temporal resolution of wind fields on wave forecasting, the variations of sea surface wind fields and waves from September 22 to 24, 2025 during the super typhoon "Ragasa" were simulated based on the mesoscale model WRF and the wave model MASNUM. The differences in significant wave height, spectral peak period, and wave direction driven by nine sets of wind fields with different temporal resolutions were analyzed. The study shows that as the temporal resolution of the wind field becomes coarser, the differences in significant wave height, spectral peak period, and wave direction gradually enlarge. The areas with larger significant wave height coincide with the location of the typhoon. The differences in spectral peak period are mainly concentrated in the right quadrant of the typhoon's forward direction, i.e. the eastern South China Sea and the coastal areas of Fujian and Guangdong. The differences in wave direction are more pronounced near islands. Regardless of whether there is a strong wind process, a wind field input frequency of 60 minutes remains an ideal choice for wave forecasting.

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