南海西北部海洋热浪特征-海洋预报

南海西北部海洋热浪特征

单位：1. 中国人民解放军 92248部队, 河南许昌 461000;
2. 金风科技股份有限公司, 北京 100176;
3. 辽宁省自然资源事务服务中心, 辽宁沈阳 1100332;
4. 国家海洋环境预报中心, 北京 100081

分类号：P731.11

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2025·42·第五期（43-51）

摘要：

基于欧洲中心再分析数据，分析了南海西北部海洋热浪的时空特征及对应的10 m风场变化特征。南海西北部海洋热浪强度在空间上主要在海南岛东侧存在3个大值中心，其高发区域也位于海南岛东侧。南海西北部海洋热浪表现出显著的季节差异，平均强度春季最强、秋季次之、夏季最弱；平均持续天数冬季和春季最多、夏季最少；发生频率秋季最多、春季次之、冬季最少。在海洋热浪期间，冬季、夏季和秋季的10 m风场主要表现为减弱，而春季以增强趋势最为显著。

This study, based on the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts（ECMWF） Reanalysis data, investigates the spatiotemporal characteristics of marine heatwaves in the northwestern South China Sea, as well as the corresponding changes in the 10-meter wind speed. The intensity of marine heatwaves is spatially characterized by three major high-value centers east of Hainan Island. Marine heatwaves in the northwestern South China Sea exhibit significant seasonal differences, with the strongest mean intensity in spring, followed by autumn,and the weakest intensity in summer. Mean duration is the longest in winter and spring, and the shortest in summer. The occurrence frequency is the highest in autumn, followed by spring, and the lowest in winter. During marine heatwaves, the 10-meter wind speed decreases in winter, summer, and autumn, while it increases in spring.

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